The Irving S. Gilmore Music Library is one of the largest collections of music scores, sound recordings, and music research materials in the United States. As such, the Music Library reflects the centrality of musical performance and scholarship to the University throughout its history. Today the Music Library holds approximately 100,000 scores and parts for musical performance and study; 70,000 books about music; 35,000 LP recordings and compact discs; 11,600 microforms of manuscripts and scores; 45,000 pieces of sheet music; 95,000 photographs; 4,000 linear feet of archival materials; 560 individual music manuscripts not forming a portion of a larger collection; and 425 active subscriptions to music periodicals, and numerous electronic databases of books, scores, audio, and video. Among the strengths of the Music Library collections are complete runs of nearly every available monumental set and composer's collected edition; an extensive collection of historical treatises on music theory; and early publications of opera scores and chamber music. Archival holdings include the complete papers and archives of Charles Ives, Virgil Thomson, Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya, Carl Ruggles, Leo Ornstein, Paul Bekker, Karl Weigl, Deems Taylor, Henry Gilbert, E. Robert Schmitz, Lehman Engel, Goddard Lieberson, Horatio Parker, Kay Swift, Harold Rome, Vladimir Horowitz, and Benny Goodman. A special collection focuses on Paul Hindemith's American years, and thousands of photographs of classical and jazz musicians are contained in the archives of Fred and Rose Plaut and Stanley and Helen Oakley Dance. Individual manuscript holdings include autograph manuscripts of J. S. Bach, Frederic Chopin, Johannes Brahms, Robert Schumann, and Franz Liszt.